What kind of mindset does the proactive, interventionist foreign policy of the U.S. government require? Eight characteristics are fundamental, and each one conflicts with liberal values.

Christopher J. Coyne is a Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute, Professor of Economics at George Mason University, and Co-Editor of The Independent Review.
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Abigail R. Hall is a Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute, and an Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Tampa.
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Defense and Foreign PolicyGovernment and PoliticsPolitical History
Other Independent Review articles by Christopher J. Coyne
Spring 2025 The Nuclear Ratchet: Crisis, Leviathan, and Atomic Weapons
Spring 2025 What’s the Worst That Could Happen?: Existential Risk and Extreme Politics
Spring 2024 Murray Rothbard on War and Foreign Policy
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Other Independent Review articles by Abigail R. Hall
Spring 2025 Extensions and Expansions of the Ratchet Effect: An Introduction to the Symposium
Spring 2025 The Nuclear Ratchet: Crisis, Leviathan, and Atomic Weapons
Spring 2023 How to Run Wars: A Confidential Playbook for the National Security Elite
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