Douglas W. MacKenzie is Adjunct Fellow at the Independent Institute and Visiting Assistant Professor of Economics at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy. Dr. MacKenzie taught previously at the State University of New York at Plattsburgh, Ramapo College, and Kean University. He earned his Ph.D. in economics at George Mason University, his M.A. in economics at the University of Connecticut, and his B.S. in economics and management at Kean University. Dr. MacKenzie is the author of more than 100 publications. Most of his research is in the areas of public choice, comparative economic systems, and economic history.