As I write this, we still dont know who won the presidency. It is, however, time to declare at least one winner. After almost sixty years of fighting, its clear that the War on Drugs is almost over and drugs have won. As the Associated Press reports, recreational marijuana has been legalized in New Jersey and Arizona, it looks like it is about to be legalized in Montana and South Dakota, medical marijuana has been approved in Mississippi, and Oregon has loosened restrictions on hard drugs.
As I wrote in 2012, Prohibition is a textbook example of a policy with negative unintended consequences. Libertarians have opposed drug prohibition for two main reasons. First, theres a simple, rights-based argument saying that what I put in my body is basically my business, not the governmentsand a government that is big enough and powerful enough to tell you what you can and cannot smoke or snort is big enough and powerful enough to tell you that you cant buy extra-large soft drinks or cook with trans fats.
This isnt to say anything goes. I strongly favor an ethical consensus that condemns drug use when it interferes with ones ability to be a good friend or good father and that sanctions people when they spend their money on drugs (including cigarettes and alcohol) while their children go hungry. I also think markets are pretty effective regulators and firms shouldnt be stopped if they wish to make staying off drugs a condition for employment. The difference between a governments and the organizations comprising civil and commercial society is that a government can jail you. Firms and churches cant.
Libertarians also oppose prohibition for consequentialist reasons. Even if we dispense with the rights-based argument against prohibition, it is clear that the drug war has been a disaster. Maybe people are using fewer drugs, but the drugs they are using are far more potent and the drug war is at the root of crime problems (see Mark Thorntons The Economics of Prohibition for a more detailed explanation). Ideally, we can expect a peace dividend from a scaled-back drug war that frees up resources for uses other than policing and incarceration. There is also some evidence that legalizing marijuana sales leads to higher home values. Time will tell whether or not this association holds up, but at the very least it suggests that pot legalization hasnt exactly created drug-addled, post-apocalyptic hellscapes.
Ten years ago, ending the drug war was a pipe dream. Now, medical marijuana and recreational marijuana are being legalized in state after state. I can only hope that the end of all this Reefer Madness is near.