The casualties of World War I did not end with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. Part of the toll was the war’s acceleration of the nationalization of private life, a trend that continues to the present day.

T. Hunt Tooley is Chairman of the Department of History at Austin College.
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Other Independent Review articles by T. Hunt Tooley
Spring 2008 Bloody Germany: Berghahn’s View of Twentieth-Century State Violence
Winter 2006/07 “All the People Are Now Guerillas”: The Warfare of Sherman, Sheridan, and Lincoln, and the Brutality of the Twentieth Century
Fall 2004 A Low Dishonest Decade: The Great Powers, Eastern Europe, and the Economic Origins of World War II, 1930–1941