This paper uses the systems-oriented approach of economist Richard Wagner to build upon Robert Higgss contributions to illustrate how crises are produced and, in turn, legitimize the ratcheting of larger governmental size and scope over the long run. Key to this micro-foundational contribution toward ratchet effect theorizing is the opportunistic blending of interest-oriented activity and ideational-moral argumentation by creative actors to entrench crisis period rents and privileges.
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Mikayla Novak is a senior fellow in the F. A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics, Mercatus Center at George Mason University.
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