The ongoing “wars” on drugs and terrorism have helped to militarize domestic policing, giving us “no-knock” raids and other tactics formerly considered off-limits for civilian law enforcement. A political-economic analysis of this trend explains how crises have eroded rules that were created to constrain the use of military power and separate domestic policing from military functions.

Abigail R. Hall is a Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute, and an Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Tampa.
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Christopher J. Coyne is a Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute, Professor of Economics at George Mason University, and Co-Editor of The Independent Review.
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Constitutional LawCrime, Criminal Justice, and PrisonsDefense and Foreign PolicyDrug WarLaw and LibertyPolicingPrivacyTerrorism and Homeland Security
Other Independent Review articles by Abigail R. Hall
Spring 2025 Extensions and Expansions of the Ratchet Effect: An Introduction to the Symposium
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Spring 2023 How to Run Wars: A Confidential Playbook for the National Security Elite
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Other Independent Review articles by Christopher J. Coyne
Spring 2025 The Nuclear Ratchet: Crisis, Leviathan, and Atomic Weapons
Spring 2025 What’s the Worst That Could Happen?: Existential Risk and Extreme Politics
Spring 2024 Murray Rothbard on War and Foreign Policy
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